Maxima Function
components (tensor, expr)
permits one to assign an indicial value to an expression
expr giving the values of the components of tensor. These
are automatically substituted for the tensor whenever it occurs with
all of its indices. The tensor must be of the form t([...],[...])
where either list may be empty. expr can be any indexed expression
involving other objects with the same free indices as tensor. When
used to assign values to the metric tensor wherein the components
contain dummy indices one must be careful to define these indices to
avoid the generation of multiple dummy indices. Removal of this
assignment is given to the function remcomps
.
It is important to keep in mind that components
cares only about
the valence of a tensor, not about any particular index ordering. Thus
assigning components to, say, x([i,-j],[])
, x([-j,i],[])
, or
x([i],[j])
all produce the same result, namely components being
assigned to a tensor named x
with valence (1,1)
.
Components can be assigned to an indexed expression in four ways, two
of which involve the use of the components
command:
1) As an indexed expression. For instance:
(%i2) components(g([],[i,j]),e([],[i])*p([],[j]))$ (%i3) ishow(g([],[i,j]))$ i j (%t3) e p
2) As a matrix:
(%i6) components(g([i,j],[]),lg); (%o6) done (%i7) ishow(g([i,j],[]))$ (%t7) g i j (%i8) g([3,3],[]); (%o8) 1 (%i9) g([4,4],[]); (%o9) - 1
3) As a function. You can use a Maxima function to specify the
components of a tensor based on its indices. For instance, the following
code assigns kdelta
to h
if h
has the same number
of covariant and contravariant indices and no derivative indices, and
g
otherwise:
(%i4) h(l1,l2,[l3]):=if length(l1)=length(l2) and length(l3)=0 then kdelta(l1,l2) else apply(g,append([l1,l2], l3))$ (%i5) ishow(h([i],[j]))$ j (%t5) kdelta i (%i6) ishow(h([i,j],[k],l))$ k (%t6) g i j,l
4) Using Maxima's pattern matching capabilities, specifically the
defrule
and applyb1
commands:
(%i1) load(itensor); (%o1) /share/tensor/itensor.lisp (%i2) matchdeclare(l1,listp); (%o2) done (%i3) defrule(r1,m(l1,[]),(i1:idummy(), g([l1[1],l1[2]],[])*q([i1],[])*e([],[i1])))$ (%i4) defrule(r2,m([],l1),(i1:idummy(), w([],[l1[1],l1[2]])*e([i1],[])*q([],[i1])))$ (%i5) ishow(m([i,n],[])*m([],[i,m]))$ i m (%t5) m m i n (%i6) ishow(rename(applyb1(%,r1,r2)))$ %1 %2 %3 m (%t6) e q w q e g %1 %2 %3 n