
                XBoard and WinBoard: Frequently Asked Questions
                                       
   This document answers some frequently asked questions about the
   graphical chess interfaces XBoard and WinBoard. A hyperlinked version
   of this FAQ is available on the Web through the page
   http://www.tim-mann.org/chess.html.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
Outline

     * [A] Introduction and hot topics
     * [B] XBoard and WinBoard
     * [C] XBoard and WinBoard, bugs and problems
     * [D] Crafty and other topics
     _________________________________________________________________
   
Detailed contents

     * [A] Introduction and hot topics
       
     * [A.1] What are XBoard and WinBoard?
     * [A.2] Where can I get chess information and chess software?
     * [A.3] What are the current version numbers for XBoard and
       WinBoard?
     * [A.4] Who is working on this project?
     * [A.5] How do I report bugs, offer help, etc.?
       
     [B] XBoard and WinBoard
     * [B.1] What is XBoard?
     * [B.2] Is there an XBoard for Microsoft Windows? What is WinBoard?
       How do I install WinBoard?
     * [B.3] Is there an XBoard for the Amiga? What is AmyBoard?
     * [B.4] Is there an XBoard for the Macintosh?
     * [B.5] Does XBoard run on VMS?
     * [B.6] What is cmail?
     * [B.7] How do I build XBoard? Do I have to have gcc?
     * [B.8] Can I use XBoard to play a game of chess with another human?
     * [B.9] Will WinBoard run on Windows 3.1?
     * [B.10] How do I use XBoard or WinBoard as an external viewer for
       PGN files with my Web browser?
     * [B.11] How do I use WinBoard as an external viewer for PGN files
       with the MS Windows File Manager or Explorer?
     * [B.12] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with XBoard?
     * [B.13] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with WinBoard?
     * [B.14] How do I play bughouse with XBoard or WinBoard? 
     * [B.16] What is Zippy? How can I interface a chess program to the
       Internet Chess Servers?
     * [B.17] How can I interface my own chess program to XBoard or
       WinBoard?
     * [B.18] How can I recompile WinBoard from source?
     * [B.19] How can I use XBoard or WinBoard to talk to an Internet
       Chess Server through a firewall or proxy?
     * [B.20] How can I use XBoard or WinBoard on chess.net with
       accuclock?
     * [B.21] Can I get Zippy to do one or more ICS commands
       automatically at the start or end of each game?
     * [B.22] How do I print from WinBoard?
     * [B.23] Can I get Zippy to automatically reconnect to ICS when its
       connection breaks?
       
     [C] XBoard and WinBoard, bugs and problems
     * [C.1] I can't build XBoard because the X11/Xaw/... include files
       are not found.
     * [C.2] Configuring or building XBoard fails due to missing header
       files, missing libraries, or undefined symbols.
     * [C.3] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with a modem. I'm not
       running SLIP or PPP, but just dialing in to an ordinary login
       account ("shell account").
     * [C.4] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with Windows 95 and
       SLIP or PPP. When trying to start up, it gets the error "Address
       family not supported by protocol family" (or some equally strange
       message). 
     * [C.5] When I try to run WinBoard, I get the message "Failed to
       start chess program gnuchess on localhost: NO LANGFILE (file
       gnuchess.lan not found)".
     * [C.6] I want to use XBoard or WinBoard as an Internet Chess Server
       interface, but the ICS Client option is grayed out on the menu.
     * [C.7] How do I give command-line options to a Windows program like
       WinBoard?
     * [C.9] When I exit from WinBoard after using it to play against a
       chess program on my machine, the chess program keeps running in
       the background. 
     * [C.12] Why do my ICS opponents often get extra time after they
       make their moves? Why do I sometimes lose time off my clock after
       I make my move? 
     * [C.13] I can't run WinBoard unless I delete the WinBoard.ini file
       each time! 
     * [C.15] I get errors compiling XBoard's parser.c. 
     * [C.16] I get an error building WinBoard from source because "flex"
       is not found. 
     * [C.17] XBoard hangs shortly after connecting to an ICS when used
       with dxterm, cmdtool, dtterm, kterm, konsole, or other substitutes
       for xterm. 
     * [C.18] The WinBoard pieces show up in the wrong colors, appear
       distorted, or are not visible at all. 
     * [C.19] XBoard or WinBoard tells me "Error: first chess program
       (...) exited unexpectedly".
     * [C.20] XBoard tells me "Warning: Cannot allocate colormap entry". 
     * [C.21] When I log in to freechess.org, the Enter key doesn't work,
       and I have to use Ctrl+J instead. But when I use WinBoard, Ctrl+J
       doesn't work either, so I'm stuck. 
     * [C.22] XBoard says, "Failed to start first chess program gnuchessx
       on localhost: gnuchessx: No such file or directory." 
       
     [D] Crafty and other topics
     * [D.1] What is XChess?
     * [D.2] What is Winsock Chess?
     * [D.3] What is Crafty?
     * [D.4] How do I use Crafty with XBoard?
     * [D.5] How do I use Crafty with WinBoard?
     * [D.6] How do I use GNU Chess 5.00 with XBoard?
     _________________________________________________________________
   
[A] Introduction and hot topics
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [A.1] What are XBoard and WinBoard?
  
   XBoard and WinBoard are graphical user interfaces for chess. XBoard
   runs with the X Window System on Unix systems (including GNU/Linux);
   see topic [B.1]. WinBoard runs on true 32-bit Microsoft Windows
   operating systems, including Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT.
   It should also work on Windows 2000 and Windows ME. See topic [B.2].
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [A.2] Where can I get chess information and chess software?
  
   As a shortcut to most things mentioned in this FAQ, try my Chess Web
   page, http://www.tim-mann.org/chess.html. My Web page is the best
   place to get the latest versions of XBoard and WinBoard and the most
   up-to-date version of this FAQ.
   
   For general news and information about chess, try the newsgroup
   hierarchy rec.games.chess.*, especially the groups
   rec.games.chess.misc and rec.games.chess.computer. Both of the latter
   groups have very informative FAQs maintained by Steve Pribut; look for
   them on the newsgroups or at
   http://www.clark.net/pub/pribut/chess.html.
   
   Like other GNU software, you can get XBoard, and WinBoard by anonymous
   FTP from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ and its many mirror sites. Look in
   the subdirectories xboard, and winboard. The .tar.gz suffix on the
   files there indicates they were packed with tar and compressed with
   gzip. The .exe or .zip suffixes indicate files that were packed and
   compressed with zip.
   
   For other chess software, try the Internet Chess Library. Use
   anonymous FTP to connect to ftp.freechess.org, or go to the Web page
   http://www.freechess.org/. You can get chess software, game
   collections, the FAQ file for rec.games.chess, and other chess-related
   material there, in the directory pub/chess. The FTP server can
   automatically decompress files for you as you download them, useful if
   you don't have gzip.
   
   Here is a sample anonymous ftp session. Some of the ftp server's
   responses are abbreviated, but all the commands you must type are
   included.
   
    % ftp ftp.gnu.org
    Connected to ftp.gnu.org
    Name: anonymous
    Password: your-email-address@your-site
    ftp> binary
    200 Type set to I.
    ftp> cd /pub/gnu/xboard
    ftp> dir
    -rw-r--r-- 1 14910 wheel  393119 May 20 00:25 xboard-4.2.0.tar.gz
    ftp> get xboard-4.2.0.tar.gz
    150 BINARY connection for xboard-4.2.0.tar.gz (393119 bytes).
    226 Transfer complete.
    ftp> quit
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [A.3] What are the current version numbers for XBoard and WinBoard?
  
   At this writing, the current version numbers are:
     * XBoard 4.2.0
     * WinBoard 4.2.0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [A.4] Who is working on this project?
  
   Tim Mann maintains this FAQ and is the lead developer on XBoard and
   WinBoard, but he has little time to work on the project, so there are
   no major improvements in the works at this time. Many others
   occasionally contribute suggestions and snippets of code, for which we
   are grateful.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [A.5] How do I report bugs, offer help, etc.?
  
   Any time you want to report a possible bug in XBoard or WinBoard, we
   need to know exactly what you did, and exactly what error (or other)
   messages you got.
   
   If you are using Unix, run the "script" program, run XBoard with the
   -debug flag (if you get as far as running it), do whatever is
   necessary to reproduce the problem, type "exit" to the shell, and mail
   us the resulting typescript file. We also need to know what
   hardware/operating system combination you are using. The command
   "uname -a" will usually tell you this; include its output in your
   typescript.
   
   If you are using MS Windows, run WinBoard with the -debug flag, and
   send us a copy of the WinBoard.debug file. If you aren't sure how to
   add command-line flags to WinBoard, you can hit Ctrl+Alt+F12 to create
   a WinBoard.debug file after WinBoard starts, but that is not as good,
   because a few messages that would have been printed at the start are
   lost.
   
   Either way, please send us the exact text of the commands you typed
   and the output you got, not just your recollection of approximately
   what they were. The messages may seem meaningless to you, but they are
   very meaningful to us and essential for diagnosing problems.
   
   There is currently no mailing list for the XBoard/WinBoard project.
   You can send mail directly to tim.mann@compaq.com (Tim Mann).
     _________________________________________________________________
   
[B] XBoard and WinBoard
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.1] What is XBoard?
  
   XBoard is a graphical user interface for chess. It displays a
   chessboard on the screen, accepts moves made with the mouse, and loads
   and saves games in Portable Game Notation (PGN). XBoard is free
   software. It serves as a front-end for many different chess services,
   including:
   
   Chess engines that will run on your machine and play a game against
   you or help you analyze, such as GNU Chess and Crafty (topic [D.3]
   below).
   
   Chess servers on the Internet, where you can connect to play chess
   with people from all over the world, watch other users play, or just
   hang out and chat.
   
   Correspondence chess played by electronic mail. The cmail program
   (topic [B.6] below) automates the tasks of parsing email from your
   opponent, playing his moves out on your board, and mailing your reply
   move after you've chosen it.
   
   The Web and your own saved games. You can use XBoard as a helper
   application to view PGN games in your Web browser, or to load and save
   your own PGN files.
   
   XBoard runs under Unix or Unix-compatible systems. It requires the X
   Window System, version X11R4 or later. There are also ports of XBoard
   to Microsoft Win32 (that is, Windows NT, Windows 95, etc.) and to the
   Amiga. See topics [B.2] and [B.3] respectively.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.2] Is there an XBoard for Microsoft Windows? What is WinBoard? How do I
  install WinBoard?
  
   WinBoard is a port of XBoard to true Microsoft Win32 systems, such as
   Windows NT and Windows 95. It uses the same back end chess code as
   XBoard, but the front end graphics code is a complete rewrite.
   WinBoard is free software.
   
   The WinBoard distribution includes a port of GNU Chess to Win32. The
   GNU Chess port is distributed in executable form, with instructions
   for rebuilding it from the standard GNU Chess sources (available
   separately). You should have at least 16 to 24 MB of memory to run GNU
   Chess with WinBoard.
   
   The WinBoard distribution also includes the ICC timestamp and FICS
   timeseal programs (topic [B.12]).
   
   cmail (topic [B.6]) has not been ported to Win32. All the other XBoard
   functions are included in WinBoard.
   
   You install WinBoard as follows. Download the WinBoard package to your
   PC (see topic [A.2]). It will be a file with a name like
   winboard-4_0_0.exe. Double-click on this file in the Explorer or File
   Manager to run it. Follow the on-screen prompts.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.3] Is there an XBoard for the Amiga? What is AmyBoard?
  
   AmyBoard is a port of XBoard to the Amiga, by Jochen Wiedmann. The
   distribution includes a port of GNU Chess. AmyBoard is free software.
   
   The current version of AmyBoard is 330.5 (based on XBoard 3.3.0). No
   one is currently maintaining it.
   
   System requirements:
     * An Amiga (obviously :-), running OS 2.04 or later, 2Mb RAM or
       more.
     * MUI 2.0 or later.
     * Workbench or another screen with no less than 640x400 pixels
       (adjustable with the MUI-Prefs); this restriction is just because
       we don't have bitmaps with less than 40x40 pixels per square. If
       someone contributes bitmaps with 20x20 or 20x25, they will work
       with any Hires mode.
       
   If you would like to use an ICS, you need an Internet connection via
   either
     * a telnet-like program, or
     * a terminal program reading from stdin and writing to stdout.
       
   AmyBoard is available in the Internet Chess Library (topic [A.2]).
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.4] Is there an XBoard for the Macintosh?
  
   No. But porting XBoard to the Mac should not be much harder than
   porting it to Win32 or the Amiga was. I can't do it because I don't
   have a Mac, I don't know how to program Macs, and I don't have time.
   If you do, feel free to give it a try! Send mail to me,
   tim.mann@compaq.com (Tim Mann), if you're working on this.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.5] Does XBoard run on VMS?
  
   No. This port would probably be a lot easier than the Win32 and Amiga
   ports were, because VMS has the X Window system (under the name
   DECwindows) and is now POSIX compliant. However, I don't know enough
   about VMS to do the port myself, and I don't have time. If you do,
   give it a try! Send mail to me, tim.mann@compaq.com (Tim Mann), if
   you're working on this.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.6] What is cmail?
  
   cmail is a program that helps you play and keep track of electronic
   mail correspondence chess games using XBoard. It is distributed with
   XBoard and has its own manual page. cmail is free software. It was
   written by Even Welsh. cmail has not been ported to Windows; sorry.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.7] How do I build XBoard? Do I need gcc?
  
   The first step to building XBoard is to get the distribution file. See
   topic [A.2] for places you can ftp the software from.
   
   Next, decide what directory tree you are going to install XBoard in.
   The default is /usr/local, but you probably don't have write access to
   that directory unless you are a system administrator. If you do, type
   the following to install it there:
   
    gzip -cd xboard-*.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
    cd xboard-*/
    configure
    make
    su
    make install

   If you want to install xboard in your personal home directory
   ($HOME/bin), type this:
   
    gzip -cd xboard-*.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
    cd xboard-*/
    configure --prefix=$HOME
    make
    make install

   If the first step above fails because you don't have gzip, see topic
   [A.2], and ask a local Unix expert if you need more help. If you have
   any problems with the last two steps, read the READ_ME and INSTALL
   files in the xboard-*/ directory. You will also find this FAQ there.
   
   You don't need to have gcc to build XBoard. Almost any Unix C compiler
   should do.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.8] Can I use XBoard or WinBoard to play a game of chess with another
  human?
  
   The only way for two humans on different machines to play chess in
   real time using XBoard/WinBoard is to use an Internet Chess Server as
   an intermediary. That is, each player runs his own copy of XBoard or
   WinBoard, both of them log into an ICS, and they play a game there.
   Two copies of XBoard/WinBoard cannot communicate with each other
   directly.
   
   Instructions on how to get started with Internet chess are included
   with the XBoard and WinBoard distributions. The network addresses
   included in the distribution may not always be current. The oldest and
   largest ICS is the Internet Chess Club at chessclub.com, which now has
   a fee for registered use, but still allows free unregistered use.
   There are also many newer sites with no fees, using the Free Internet
   Chess Server implementation (FICS). Some current FICS sites are
   freechess.org (the most active) and eics.daimi.aau.dk. On all these
   machines, the port number to use is 5000.
   
   Note: If you don't have network connectivity to any ICS site, you can
   run your own server using the FICS code. You can get a copy by
   anonymous ftp from the Internet Chess Library (topic [A.2]). The code
   is changing rapidly, so send mail to chess@freechess.org and/or log
   into the FICS server at freechess.org and ask the administrators there
   for current information.
   
   The cmail program included with XBoard lets you play email postal
   games with another human; see topic [B.6].
   
   Two humans can play chess on the same machine using one copy of
   XBoard/WinBoard in Edit Game mode, but the clocks don't run in this
   mode, so it's of limited usefulness.
   
   See also topic [D.2], Winsock Chess.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.9] Will WinBoard run on Windows 3.1?
  
   WinBoard does not run on Windows 3.1, Windows for Workgroups 3.11,
   etc., not even with the Win32s compatibility package. The main problem
   is that Win32s does not have threads or real concurrent processes. A
   port of WinBoard to Windows 3.1 is possible in theory, but it would be
   difficult and messy, and no one is going to do it.
   
   WinBoard runs well on newer versions of Windows, such as Windows 95,
   Windows NT, and their successors.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.10] How do I use XBoard or WinBoard as an external viewer for PGN files
  with my Web browser?
  
   1) On Unix systems:
   
   - Add the following line to the file .mime.types in your home
   directory. (Create the file if it doesn't exist already.)
    application/x-chess-pgn    pgn

   - Add the following line to the file .mailcap in your home directory.
   (Create the file if it doesn't exist already.)
    application/x-chess-pgn; xboard -ncp -lgf %s

   - Exit from your Web browser and restart it.
   
   2) On MS Windows systems:
   
   The exact procedure depends on which Web browser you are using. The
   current version of WinBoard automatically configures itself as your
   PGN viewer for local files, Netscape 4.x, and Internet Explorer.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.11] How do I use WinBoard as an external viewer for PGN files with the MS
  Windows File Manager or Explorer?
  
   On Windows 95/98 and Windows NT 4.0, WinBoard does this automatically
   when you install it. For the File Manager on Windows NT 3.51, etc.,
   select Associate from the File menu, enter "pgn" as the extension, and
   use the Browse button to find your copy of WinBoard and set up the
   association.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.12] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with XBoard?
  
   First, get the appropriate version of timestamp or timeseal for your
   machine from ftp.chessclub.com or ftp.freechess.org. Second, be sure
   that you can connect using XBoard without timestamp/timeseal. Third,
   be sure that you can connect using timestamp/timeseal without XBoard.
   See the help files on ICC and FICS or ask people online if you have
   problems.
   
   If you are in a completely ordinary situation, where your machine is
   directly on the Internet and you can connect to ICC or FICS without
   timestamp/timeseal using just the command "xboard -ics" or "xboard
   -ics -icshost freechess.org", change that command to one of the
   following:
   
    xboard -ics -icshost 204.178.125.65 -icshelper timestamp

    xboard -ics -icshost 164.58.253.13 -icshelper timeseal

   If you have a firewall between your machine and the ICS, see topic
   [B.19].
   
   If you normally have to use the "/icscomm" command line option on
   xboard to log into a second machine, and then telnet to ICC or FICS
   from there, you are going to have to run the Unix version of timestamp
   or timeseal on the second machine. (If the second machine is not
   running Unix, you are out of luck.) Get the appropriate version of
   timestamp or timeseal onto the shell machine via FTP; see the help
   files on ICC and FICS for instructions. Then simply run it when you
   would normally run telnet. In this configuration you are not protected
   against lag between your PC and the shell machine, or for lag caused
   by heavy load on the shell machine itself from other users.
   
   For further information on timestamp and timeseal, see the help files
   on ICC and FICS.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.13] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with WinBoard?
  
   If you select an ICS from either the WinBoard Startup dialog or the
   Windows Start submenu that WinBoard installs, WinBoard automatically
   runs timestamp or timeseal if the ICS you chose is known to support
   it.
   
   If you are constructing a WinBoard command line by hand, add the
   option "/icshelper timestamp" or "/icshelper timeseal" to the WinBoard
   command line to use timestamp or timeseal. Both timestamp.exe and
   timeseal.exe are included in the WinBoard distribution. They both
   function identically to the Unix versions, as documented in "help
   timestamp" on ICC and "help timeseal" on FICS.
   
   If you have a firewall between your machine and the ICS, see topic
   [B.19].
   
   If you normally have to use the "/icscomm" command line option on
   WinBoard to log into a shell account, and then telnet to ICC or FICS
   from there, you are going to have to run the Unix version of timestamp
   or timeseal on the shell machine. (If the shell account is not on a
   Unix machine, you are out of luck.) Get the appropriate version of
   timestamp or timeseal onto the shell machine via FTP; see the help
   files on ICC and FICS for instructions. Then simply run it when you
   would normally run telnet. In this configuration you are not protected
   against lag between your PC and the shell machine, or for lag caused
   by heavy load on the shell machine itself from other users.
   
   For further information on timestamp and timeseal, see the help files
   on ICC and FICS.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.14] How do I play bughouse with XBoard or WinBoard?
  
   XBoard and WinBoard have simple but effective bughouse support.
   Offboard piece holdings are shown in the board window's banner, and
   you drop offboard pieces using the right mouse button. Press it over
   the destination square to pop up a menu of pieces.
   
   XBoard and WinBoard can display only one board at a time, but you can
   observe your partner's game by running a second copy of the program
   and logging in as a guest. (Unfortunately, this is not possible if you
   are using the /icscomm option.) To observe your partner's games
   automatically, use the "follow" or "pfollow" ICS command; see the ICS
   online help for details.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.16] What is Zippy? How can I interface a chess program to the Internet
  Chess Servers?
  
   Zippy is an interface that lets a compatible chess engine (such as GNU
   Chess or Crafty) act as a computer player on an Internet Chess Server.
   Zippy is included in both the XBoard and WinBoard distributions. It is
   implemented as a small amount of additional code within XBoard or
   WinBoard. For documentation, see the file zippy.README, included in
   both distributions or available from my chess Web page,
   http://www.tim-mann/chess.html. The version of zippy.README on my Web
   page is often more up-to-date than those in the XBoard/WinBoard
   distributions. You'll also find a "biography" of Zippy and pointers to
   the original Zippy the Pinhead comic strips on my Web page. Please
   read zippy.README carefully before you ask me any questions about
   Zippy.
   
   Using a computer to choose your moves on a chess server is considered
   cheating unless your account is on the computer (C) list. Read "help
   computer" on your favorite server for details on their policy. Most of
   the servers have plenty of computers running now, so they will not be
   excited about having you run a new one unless you have written your
   own chess engine. They don't really need yet another Crafty or GNU
   Chess clone.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.17] How can I interface my own chess program to XBoard or WinBoard?
  
   This is a non-trivial task. XBoard and WinBoard were not designed with
   a clean interface for talking to chess programs; they were written to
   work with an existing version of GNU Chess that expects to be talking
   to a person. Your program has to emulate GNU Chess's rather
   idiosyncratic command structure to work with XBoard and WinBoard. We
   are gradually cleaning up, improving, and documenting the interface as
   newer versions of XBoard and WinBoard come out, however.
   
   For documentation, see the file engine-intf.html, included in both
   distributions or available from my chess Web page,
   http://www.tim-mann.org/chess.html. The version of engine-intf.html
   on my Web page is often more up-to-date than those in the
   XBoard/WinBoard distributions.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.18] How can I recompile WinBoard from source?
  
   The source code for WinBoard is available from the author's Web page,
   http://www.tim-mann.org/chess.html.
   
   WinBoard is currently developed using Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0. You
   can build the program from the MSVC++ GUI by opening the project file
   (winboard.dsp) and telling MSVC++ to build the project. You can also
   build it from the the command line by using the nmake program supplied
   with MSVC++.
   
   To build WinBoard with the free Cygwin tools, available from
   http://www.cygwin.com/), use the command "make -f cygwin.mak".
   WinBoard 4.2.0 was successfully compiled with the net release of
   Cygwin as downloaded on 10-16-2000 (cygwin1.dll 1.1.4, gcc 2.95.2-2
   19991024, binutils 20000722-1, flex 2.5-cygwin-990830, windres
   2.10.90). WinBoard 4.1.0 does not compile with Cygwin; use 4.2.0
   instead. WinBoard 4.0.7 is known to compile with Cygwin BL20.1.
   
   To build WinBoard with Borland C++ 4.5, use "borland.mak", supplied
   with the WinBoard sources, as the Makefile. Support for Borland C++
   was contributed by Don Fong and has not been tested by the author of
   WinBoard.
   
   WinBoard is a Win32 application, so you definitely need a compiler and
   tool set that supports Win32. In particular, older versions of DJGPP
   can build only 32-bit MSDOS programs; that is, programs that use a DOS
   extender to get a 32-bit address space and do not make any Windows
   calls. The latest versions of DJGPP are said to be able to build Win32
   programs when used with the proper extension package(s), but this is
   not known to work with WinBoard. Use Cygwin instead.
   
   See also topic [C.16].
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.19] How can I use XBoard or WinBoard to talk to an Internet Chess Server
  through a firewall or proxy?
  
   There is no single answer to this question, because there are many
   different kinds of firewalls in use. They work in various different
   ways and have various different security policies. This answer can
   only provide hints.
   
   Note that you can't access Internet Chess Servers through a Web proxy,
   because they are not a Web service. You talk to them through a raw TCP
   connection, not an HTTP connection. If you can only access the Web
   through a proxy, there may be a firewall that stops you from making
   direct TCP connections, but there may also be a way through it. Read
   on for hints, and contact your local system administrator if you need
   more information about your local configuration.
   
   A helpful user mailed me the following explanation of how to use
   WinBoard with WinGate:
   
     "I have managed to setup WinBoard though my WinGate proxy. I have
     the Office version. What I needed to do was to setup the TCP/IP
     connection to add the User/Host name and my provider service name
     for the DNS, but I had to leave the HOST IP address blank. I have
     not played with all the variations, so it may be just that I have
     the DNS lookup enabled."
     
   I hope this helps, though I don't find it very clear. I don't have a
   copy of WinGate myself and can't help if you have questions about it.
   
   If you are using some other non-SOCKS firewall, read the FIREWALLS
   section in your XBoard or WinBoard documentation (man page, info
   document, or Help file). If you can telnet to a chess server in some
   way, then you can almost certainly connect to it with xboard/WinBoard,
   though in some cases you may not be able to run timestamp or timeseal.
   The timestamp and timeseal protocols require a clean, 8-bit wide TCP
   connection from your machine to the ICS, which some firewalls do not
   provide.
   
   If you have a SOCKS firewall and are using XBoard, you should be able
   to SOCKSify xboard and use it. See http://www.socks.nec.com/ for
   information about SOCKS and socksification. However, if you do this,
   you can't use timestamp or timeseal; what you really need is a
   socksified version of timestamp or timeseal. This is hard because the
   source code for timestamp and timeseal is proprietary; the folks
   running the chess servers don't give it out because that would make it
   too easy to cheat. On some versions of Unix, you may be able to
   socksify a program that you don't have the source code to by running
   it with an appropriate dynamic library; see http://www.socks.nec.com/.
   For others, you might be able to get a pre-built socksified version
   from the chess server administrators. For timeseal versions, see
   ftp://ftp.freechess.org/pub/chess/timeseal/. For timestamp versions,
   the directory would be ftp://ftp.chessclub.com/pub/icc/timestamp/, but
   at this writing there don't seem to be any socksified timestamps
   there. Once you have a socksified timestamp or timeseal, simply run it
   with a normal, non-socksified xboard in place of the standard
   timestamp or timeseal.
   
   If you have a SOCKS firewall and you are using WinBoard, we now know
   how to make this configuration work, complete with timestamp or
   timeseal!
   
   Start by getting SocksCap32. This software is freely available from
   http://www.socks.nec.com/. Install it on your machine, read the
   documentation, and learn to use it. You may find it useful with many
   other programs besides WinBoard.
   
   Next, don't socksify WinBoard. Socksifying WinBoard itself doesn't let
   you use it with timestamp or timeseal. For some reason I don't
   understand -- something strange that SocksCap32 does -- the socksified
   WinBoard runs but does nothing, and timestamp/timeseal runs all by
   itself in its own window.
   
   Instead, use the following workaround. Follow the instructions
   exactly; don't try to skip steps or simplify things.
   
   First, make SocksCap32 application profiles for timestamp and
   timeseal. Use the following command lines in the SocksCap32 profiles.
   Name the first profile "timestamp" and the second "timeseal".
   
    "c:\program files\winboard\timestamp.exe" chessclub.com 5000 -p 5000
    "c:\program files\winboard\timeseal.exe" freechess.org 5000 -p 5000

   Second, run timestamp or timeseal by itself, socksified, using its
   profile. This will open an unneeded, black window that will not
   respond to typing. Minimize it to the task bar and ignore it. It will
   go away when you exit from WinBoard.
   
   Next, run WinBoard using the following command line. Make a shortcut
   or type this command into an MS-DOS Prompt box. Don't run WinBoard
   itself socksified, just run it directly.
   
    "c:\program files\winboard.exe" /ics /icshost=localhost /icsport=5000

   After you get this working, you can try getting the timestamp window
   to auto-minimize by starting it from a shortcut instead of from the
   SocksCap32 control window. As it says in the SocksCap32 help file, put
   the following in the Target field of a shortcut's Properties page:
   
    "c:\program files\sockscap32\sc32.exe" timestamp

   Then select "Run: Minimized" on the same page. Do the same for
   timeseal.
   
   Another method that can work is to use a .bat file to start both
   timestamp and WinBoard. It would look something like this:
   
    REM --
    REM -- icc.bat
    REM -- Start timestamp under SocksCap32 and use WinBoard to connect to it.
    REM -- The string "timestamp" refers to a SocksCap32 profile for timestamp.
    REM --  Do not change it to the filename of the timestamp program!
    REM --
    start /minimized "c:\program files\sockscap32\sc32.exe" timestamp
    cd "c:\program files\winboard"
    winboard /ics /icshost=localhost /icsport=5000

   This workaround has a problem if you want to run two copies of
   WinBoard at once, talking to the same chess server twice (for
   bughouse) or to two different chess servers. If you need to do that,
   you will need to run a separate copy of timestamp with a different
   port number for each connection. You'll need to make a second set of
   profile entries with a different value after the -p flag (say, 5001)
   and you'll need to change the WinBoard command line /icsport=5000 for
   the second WinBoard to match.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.20] How can I use XBoard or WinBoard on chess.net with accuclock?
  
   I believe chess.net provides a Win32 command-line version of accuclock
   that will work with WinBoard. Please see the documentation on the
   chess.net server itself; don't ask the author of WinBoard.
   
   I don't know whether chess.net provides versions of accuclock for Unix
   at this time. Ask them.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.21] Can I get Zippy to do one or more ICS commands automatically at the
  start or end of each game?
  
   By default, Zippy automatically sends the command "gameend" to ICS at
   the end of each game. You can alias this command (using the ICS
   "alias" feature) to anything you want. On ICC, you can use the "multi"
   feature to alias gameend to several commands, but other servers don't
   have that feature. Zippy doesn't send anything at the start of the
   game by default.
   
   You can get Zippy to send one or more commands of your choosing, at
   the start and/or end of each game, by using the -zippyGameStart and
   -zippyGameEnd command line options, newly added in version 4.0.3. Both
   xboard and WinBoard have (somewhat obscure) ways of getting newlines
   into this option to send several commands. Here is an example of one
   way to do it for each.
   
    xboard -ics -zp -xrm '*zippyGameStart: say hi\nsay prepare to die\n'

    WinBoard /ics /zp /zippyGameEnd='say thanks\nseek 5 0\nseek 2 12\n'
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.22] How do I print from WinBoard?
  
   WinBoard does not have built-in printing functionality. If you want to
   print a picture of the board, press Alt+PrintScrn, run the standard
   Windows application Paintbrush, select Paste, and print from there. If
   you want to print a list of moves, save your game as a PGN file, then
   open the PGN file with Notepad or any other plain text editor and
   print it from there.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [B.23] Can I get Zippy to automatically reconnect to ICS when its connection
  breaks?
  
   There isn't a perfect solution to this problem yet, but a pretty good
   one is to write a shell script (for xboard) or .bat script (for
   WinBoard) that automatically restarts the program whenever it exits.
   Use the -xexit flag so that you don't get a popup dialog that must be
   dismissed with the OK button before the program will exit. The gap in
   this solution is that your connection to ICS can sometimes get into a
   state where the program does not notice that the connection is broken
   until the next time it tries to send a command. Perhaps some future
   version of xboard/WinBoard will have an option to send a harmless
   command every five minutes or so.
   
   Anyway, here is a sample Windows .bat file that restarts WinBoard each
   time it exits. Thanks to Jason Williamson. It assumes that you have
   put your computer account's name and password in a file named
   logon.ini.
REM --
REM -- wbrecon.bat
REM -- Start WinBoard in Zippy mode, and restart it each time it exits.
REM -- Add or change parameters as needed for your application.
REM --
:loop
start /w winboard /zp /ics /icslogon logon.ini /xexit /xautoraise
REM -- The next line is to have a short delay setup for 139 seconds.
TYPE NUL | CHOICE.COM /N /CY /TY,99 >NUL
goto loop

   Here is a Unix shell script to do the same thing for xboard. It's a
   bit more elaborate. It is based on the script I use for the original
   Zippy. It logs all ICS output to a file named zippy.out, and it lets
   you type commands to Zippy by running "cat > zippy.fifo".
#! /bin/sh
host="204.178.125.65 -icsport 5000 -telnet -telnetProgram timestamp"
#host="164.58.253.13 -icsport 5000 -telnet -telnetProgram timeseal"
out=zippy.out
fifo=zippy.fifo
ZIPPYPASSWORD='something'
export ZIPPYPASSWORD
ZIPPYPASSWORD2='orother'
export ZIPPYPASSWORD2
ZIPPYLINES=`pwd`/all.lines
export ZIPPYLINES
ZIPPYGAMEEND='say Yow, that was FUN!
gameend'
export ZIPPYGAMEEND
zippylogon=`pwd`/logon.ini
DISPLAY=`hostname`:0.0
export DISPLAY
mv -f $out ${out}.old
rm -f $fifo
mkfifo $fifo
pid=$$
( while [ true ] ; do cat -u $fifo ; done ) | \
      ( while [ true ] ; do
          xboard -iconic -ics -icshost $host \
                 -zt -zp -xbell -xanimate \
                 -xautosave -xquiet -fcp "gnuchessx -h" \
                 -icslogon $zippylogon -xexit -autoflag -xautoraise $*
          sleep 600
        done ) > $out 2>&1 &
     _________________________________________________________________
   
[C] XBoard and WinBoard, bugs and problems
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.1] I can't build XBoard because the X11/Xaw/... include files are not
  found.
  
   These are the header files for the Athena Widgets library, which
   XBoard uses heavily. Some versions of Unix don't supply these files,
   but they are part of the standard X distribution, freely available
   from MIT.
   
   For general information on getting missing X sources, see the FAQ on
   comp.windows.x. Note that you may be missing only the header files, or
   you may be missing the libraries themselves too.
   
   HP-UX users are missing only the header files. You can get them by
   anonymous FTP as follows. (But first check with your system
   administrator to see if someone else at your site has already done
   this.) Get the archive file /hpux9/X11R5/Core/Xaw-5.00.tar.gz (Xaw
   header files) via anonymous FTP from the site hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk
   (138.253.42.172), or one of the other official sites---Germany:
   hpux.ask.uni-karlsruhe.de (129.13.200.57), US: hpux.cae.wisc.edu
   (144.92.4.15), France: hpux.cict.fr (192.70.79.53) or Netherlands:
   hpux.ced.tudelft.nl (130.161.140.100). Unpack the archive using gzip
   and follow the instructions in its README and/or HPUX.Install files.
   Thanks to Richard Lloyd for this information.
   
   If you have the Xaw header files installed in a different place than
   the other X11 headers, you may need to configure XBoard with an extra
   flag to help it find them. For example, if yours are in
   /foo/bar/X11/Xaw, try this:
   
    rm config.cache
    (setenv CFLAGS -I/foo/bar ; configure)

   Also see topic [C.2].
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.2] Configuring or building XBoard fails due to missing header files,
  missing libraries, or undefined symbols.
  
   Perhaps you have the X server and client programs installed on your
   machine, but not the X header files and link-time libraries. If so,
   you can run existing X programs, but you cannot compile a new X
   program from source code. In this case the XBoard configure script
   will fail and will tell you to look at this question in the FAQ. Many
   GNU/Linux distributions put the headers and libraries in a separate
   package, which you might not have installed. If you are using RedHat,
   install the XFree86-devel package. If you are using some other kind of
   Unix, ask your system administrator where to find the X header files
   and link-time libraries. If this is not your problem, read on.
   
   The configure script for XBoard looks for X libraries and header files
   in some common places. Sometimes it fails: If yours are installed in
   an odd place, it may not find them at all. If you have more than one
   version of X installed on your system, it may find the "wrong" one, or
   occasionally it may find libraries from one version and incompatible
   header files from another. You can work around these problems by
   telling the configure script where the files are. For example:
   
    configure --x-includes=/odd/place/include \
              --x-libraries=/odd/place/lib

   The directory named in the argument to --x-includes must have a
   subdirectory "X11" that contains the actual .h files. That is, if your
   X.h file has full pathname /odd/place/X11R6/include/X11/X.h, then you
   must give the argument --x-includes=/odd/place/X11R6/include.
   
   Some linkers have bugs that cause bogus error messages when you try to
   link X programs. The configure script includes a workaround for a bug
   of this kind that exists in some SunOS 4.x.x installations. See the
   FAQ on comp.windows.x for more information about problems of this
   kind.
   
   If all else fails, check whether anyone else at your site has been
   able to compile any X programs on your system. Your X installation
   might be buggy. If so, the system administrator at your site might
   know how to fix or work around the problem.
   
   Also see topic [C.1].
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.3] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with a modem. I'm not running
  SLIP or PPP, but just dialing in to an ordinary login account ("shell
  account").
  
   Here are solutions to some common problems in this area.
   
   Some people want to connect to ICS through HyperTerminal or some other
   terminal program first, then run WinBoard. This is not how it works.
   WinBoard wants to talk directly with your modem, acting as a terminal
   program itself. Start out with the modem "on hook" (not making a
   call).
   
   Run WinBoard with a command line like this (adding more options if
   desired):
   
    WinBoard /ics /icscom com1

   Use com2, com3, or com4 in place of com1 if your modem is connected to
   one of those ports.
   
   After you start WinBoard, you may need to change some of the options
   in the Communications dialog (on the Options menu). The dialog has the
   usual options for talking to modems: bits per second, bits per byte,
   parity, number of stop bits. You will probably want to use Save
   Settings Now when you're done.
   
   Next, type dialing commands to your modem in the text window that
   WinBoard creates. You may need to turn off Local Line Editing on the
   Options menu while you are typing commands to your modem. Turn it back
   on when you're done. See the WinBoard Help file for instructions if
   you see your typing echoed an extra time after you hit Enter.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.4] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with Windows 95 and SLIP or PPP.
  When trying to start up, it gets the error "Address family not supported by
  protocol family" (or some equally strange message).
  
   WinBoard is a 32-bit application, but some Winsock (TCP/IP)
   implementations support only 16-bit applications. You get a strange
   looking error message if you try to use a 32-bit application because
   there is no standard Winsock error code number for "32-bit application
   not supported."
   
   Microsoft TCP/IP works with both 16-bit and 32-bit applications,
   supports SLIP, PPP, Ethernet, etc., and is included with Windows 95.
   If possible, I recommend that you uninstall whatever Winsock you are
   using and install Microsoft TCP/IP instead. For more information, see
   http://walden.mo.net/~rymabry/95winfaq.html (the Win95-L FAQ).
   
   Trumpet Winsock 2.1 (and earlier) supports only 16-bit applications,
   and hence does not work with WinBoard. But there is a beta-test
   release available that does support 32-bit applications. I have not
   tried it with WinBoard, but it should work. See Trumpet's Web page
   http://www.trumpet.com.au/wsk/winsock.htm for more information.
   
   The 16-bit versions of America On-Line's software do not support
   32-bit Winsock applications. Get the 32-bit version. At one time the
   32-bit version was called "AOL for Windows 95," but I imagine that has
   changed. Hopefully the latest versions are all 32-bit.
   
   A few versions of Winsock may have bugs that prevent Windows
   timestamp/timeseal from working with them. I'm not sure if such bugs
   exist in any versions that actually have 32-bit support, so this point
   might be moot. Again, Microsoft TCP/IP is known to work.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.5] When I try to run WinBoard, I get the message "Failed to start chess
  program gnuchess on localhost: NO LANGFILE (file gnuchess.lan not found)".
  
   This message means that WinBoard is trying to run GNU Chess, but GNU
   Chess cannot find a file that it needs, named gnuchess.lan. If you see
   it, you've probably customized WinBoard's /fcp, /fd, /scp, and/or /sd
   options and made a mistake in the process. Review what you did, and
   see the WinBoard help file.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.6] I want to use XBoard or WinBoard as an Internet Chess Server interface,
  but the ICS Client option is grayed out on the menu.
  
   XBoard and WinBoard have three major modes that can't be changed from
   the menus: local chess engine mode, ICS mode, and standalone mode.
   
   With XBoard, you have to set the mode using command-line options.
   Local chess engine mode is the default, -ics selects ICS mode, and
   -ncp ("no chess program") selects standalone mode.
   
   With WinBoard, if you don't set the mode using command-line options,
   you get a dialog box asking which mode you want. To bypass the dialog
   box, use -cp ("chess program") for local chess engine mode, or -ics or
   -ncp as with XBoard. Also see topic [C.7].
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.7] How do I give command-line options to a Windows program like WinBoard?
  
   There are many ways; pick your favorite:
   
     * Type the command line into an MS-DOS Prompt box. Example:
       "WinBoard -ics".
     * Make a Windows shortcut for WinBoard. You can do this by
       right-dragging WinBoard.exe to the desktop and selecting "Create
       Shortcut(s) Here" from the menu that appears. Right-click on the
       shortcut, select Properties, and click the Shortcut tab. The
       command-line text box is labelled "Target" instead of "Command
       line" just to confuse you. Edit the text in this box, adding the
       command line options to the end.
     * Choose Run from the Start menu, or File / Run from the Program
       Manager or File Manager, and type the command line into the dialog
       you get. You may have to give WinBoard's full drivespec and
       filename if it is not in a directory on your search path.
     * Make a Program Manager icon for WinBoard. You can do this by
       dragging WinBoard.exe from the File Manager into the Program
       Manager, or by using File / New in the Program Manager. Select the
       icon and choose File / Properties. Edit the Command Line text box
       to add the command-line options to the end.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.9] When I exit from WinBoard after using it to play against a chess
  program on my machine, the chess program keeps running in the background.
  
   If you are using Crafty, be certain to get the version compiled for
   Win32 (wcrafty.exe), not the version compiled for MS-DOS (crafty.exe).
   Also, be sure you have the current version of WinBoard. WinBoard 3.4.1
   and earlier had a bug that caused this problem to occur with all chess
   engines.
   
   This problem is reported to still happen occasionally, for unknown
   reasons. You can generally stop the rogue Crafty by pressing
   Ctrl+Alt+Del, selecting the Crafty process from the menu, and pressing
   the End Task button.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.12] Why do my ICS opponents often get extra time after they make their
  moves? Why do I sometimes lose time off my clock after I make my move?
  
   If you are playing with the ICS incremental clock, both you and your
   opponent get a set amount of extra time after each move.
   
   If your or your opponent has netlag, your opponent might appear to get
   extra time, especially if your opponent is using timestamp or
   timeseal. The ICS charges each player who is using timestamp or
   timeseal only for the time between when the player received his
   opponent's move and the time he sent his own move. Thus delays in
   network transmission do not count against either player. But WinBoard
   counts down the display of your opponent's clock on your screen under
   the assumption that there is no netlag. When his move comes in, if
   there was netlag, the ICS may not have really charged him for that
   much time, and WinBoard corrects the clock to what the ICS says it
   should read.
   
   If you are not using timestamp or timeseal, you may appear to lose
   time off your clock at some point after you make your move. In this
   case, the ICS charges you for the time between when it sent you your
   opponent's move and the time it received your move. Thus delays in
   network transmission count against you. WinBoard stops counting down
   the display of your clock on your screen (and starts your opponent's)
   when you make your move. When the ICS echoes your move back to you, it
   may have charged you for more time than that, and WinBoard corrects
   the clocks to what the ICS says they should read.
   
   See "help lag" and "help timestamp" or "help timeseal" on your ICS for
   more detailed information.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.13] I can't run WinBoard unless I delete the WinBoard.ini file each time!
  
   Most people don't have this problem, but two or three people using
   Windows NT 4.0 with Service Pack 3 or 4 have reported it. I have no
   idea what causes this problem. Contrary to what was reported in a
   previous version of this FAQ, reinstalling the service pack after
   installing WinBoard does not seem to solve the problem.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.15] I get errors compiling XBoard's parser.c.
  
   The file parser.c is automatically generated from parser.l. The copy
   included with XBoard 4.0.2 was generated by lex on Tru64 Unix and has
   problems compiling and linking on current GNU/Linux versions. The copy
   included with XBoard 4.0.3 was generated by flex on a GNU/Linux
   machine, but it too won't necessarily work on other versions of Unix.
   If you have this problem, you can fix it by deleting parser.c and
   letting the Makefile re-create it from parser.l. This will work if you
   have either lex or flex on your system. Flex is available in all
   GNU/Linux distributions and can be obtained at no charge from the Free
   Software Foundation, www.fsf.org.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.16] I get an error building WinBoard from source because "flex" is not
  found.
  
   The file parser.c is automatically generated from parser.l. The
   Makefile included with the WinBoard source kit has a rule for
   generating parser.c using the program "flex", which will fail if you
   don't have flex. However, the source kit also includes a ready-made
   copy of parser.c, so you don't really need flex unless you have made
   changes to parser.l. Check that you still have a copy of parser.c; if
   you don't, unpack the WinBoard source zip file again to get one.
   Either set the last-modified time of parser.c to be later than that of
   parser.l, delete parser.l, or comment out the Makefile rule for
   building parser.c from parser.l, and then try building WinBoard again.
   
   If you do want to change parser.l and rebuild parser.c, you can get
   flex as part of the free Cygwin kit from
   http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/. You can probably also get flex
   for Windows by itself from various other places around the Internet.
   It is free software distributed by the Free Software Foundation,
   www.fsf.org.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.17] XBoard hangs shortly after connecting to an ICS when used with dxterm,
  cmdtool, dtterm, kterm, konsole, or other substitutes for xterm.
  
   After connecting to a chess server, XBoard 4.0.2 and later sends an
   escape sequence to its terminal that is meant to display your handle
   and the ICS host name (for example, "user@chessclub.com") in the
   terminal's banner and icon. It seems that several of the alternative X
   terminal programs have a bug that makes them hang when sent this
   escape sequence.
   
   You can work around the problem by using xterm, nxterm, rxvt, aterm,
   xiterm, or gnome-terminal, all of which seem to work fine. In fact,
   current versions of kterm and konsole seem to work fine too, so if you
   are having problems with one of them, be sure you are not running an
   outdated version.
   
   Alternatively, you can disable this feature by commenting out the body
   of DisplayIcsInteractionTitle in xboard.c and recompling xboard.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.18] The WinBoard pieces show up in the wrong colors, appear distorted, or
  are not visible at all.
  
   This can happen if you have a bug in your Windows display driver.
   Check with the manufacturer of your display card, the manufacturer of
   your computer, or Microsoft to see if there is an updated driver
   available. You can usually download updated drivers from the Web.
   
   If you can't find an updated driver, you can try running Windows using
   a different number of colors and/or disabling some of the hardware
   acceleration features on your display card. To change the number of
   colors, go to Windows Start / Settings / Control Panel / Display /
   Settings / Color Palette. To disable hardware acceleration features,
   go to Windows Start / Settings / Control Panel / Display / Settings /
   Advanced Properties / Performance / Hardware Acceleration.
   
   It's also possible that Windows has the right driver for your hardware
   already but you are not using it. It may help to reinstall your
   driver. Go to Windows Start / Settings / Control Panel / System and
   delete your display card (maybe even your monitor too), then reboot.
   Windows should automatically re-detect your card and monitor and
   re-install the drivers; if it doesn't, run Start / Settings / Control
   Panel / Add New Hardware to force it to.
   
   If all else fails, try Monochrome mode. On WinBoard's menus, go to
   Options / Color and check Monochrome. WinBoard will display in black
   and white.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.19] XBoard or WinBoard tells me "Error: first chess program (...) exited
  unexpectedly".
  
   This message means that your chess engine crashed, probably due to a
   bug in the engine, or because you have it configured incorrectly. You
   can try running XBoard or WinBoard again with the "-debug" flag on the
   command line. This will print out all the messages received from the
   chess engine. (With WinBoard, the messages go into a file called
   WinBoard.debug; with XBoard, they go to the xterm that you started
   XBoard from.)
   
   If you are using GNU Chess and you see this problem as soon as it
   starts up, most likely GNU Chess is exiting with an error message. If
   you see the message "NO LANGFILE", it means that you did not install
   GNU Chess correctly, and it is unable to find the file gnuchess.lang.
   Make sure that you defined LIBDIR in the gnuchess Makefile, and that
   gnuchess.lang is in that directory. If gnuchess.lang is not there, you
   probably didn't type "make install" in the gnuchess src directory; you
   must do this to install gnuchess.lang (and the gnuchess book). If you
   defined LIBDIR to something that is not an absolute pathname (that is,
   to something that does not start with a "/"), GNU Chess will work only
   if you run it from the GNU Chess "src" directory where you built it.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.20] XBoard tells me "Warning: Cannot allocate colormap entry".
  
   You are running your X server with 8-bit color depth, and you are
   running some program that has used up all 256 of your colors. Netscape
   tends to do this, or maybe you have a background image that uses up
   all of your colors.
   
   If you have a modern machine, you probably have enough display memory
   to run your X server with 16-, 24-, or 32-bit color depth. If you're
   using "startx" to start the X server, try giving the command as
   "startx -- -bpp 24" (or 16, or 32). Further details on configuring
   your X server are beyond the scope of this FAQ.
   
   If you must run in 8-bit mode, try the following: Avoid background
   images that use up all your colors. If you run Netscape, try starting
   it up with the -install command-line option; this gives Netscape its
   own private colormap that X will switch to when Netscape has the
   keyboard focus. If all else fails, another option is to run xboard in
   monochrome (black and white) mode by giving it the -mono command-line
   option.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.21] When I log in to freechess.org, the Enter key doesn't work, and I have
  to use Ctrl+J instead. But when I use WinBoard, Ctrl+J doesn't work either,
  so I'm stuck.
  
   This is a pretty rare problem. It should only arise if you have to
   reach freechess.org by telnetting (or connecting with WinBoard
   /icsport=23) from a Windows PC to a Unix box, and then telnetting from
   there to freechess.org. The Enter key should always work when
   connecting directly from your PC to freechess.org.
   
   The best way to get around the problem is to run timeseal on the
   intermediate Unix box instead of telnet. Get the appropriate version
   of timeseal for your box from ftp.freechess.org and follow the
   directions in the help files on FICS.
   
   If you can't run timeseal for some reason, there are some things you
   can do to make telnet stay in line mode instead of going to character
   mode. Then the Enter key will work. First, try "telnet freechess.org
   5000" instead of "telnet freechess.org." If that still doesn't work,
   then when the Enter key stops working, type the following. Here < and
   > surround the names of keys.
   
    <Ctrl+S><Ctrl+]>mode line<Enter>
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [C.22] XBoard says, "Failed to start first chess program gnuchessx on
  localhost: gnuchessx: No such file or directory."
  
   XBoard is looking for GNU Chess 4.0. If you didn't want to use XBoard
   with GNU Chess, please see topic [C.6]. If you did want to use GNU
   Chess 4.0, be sure you have it installed and that it is on your $PATH.
   If you wanted to use GNU Chess 5.00 instead, see topic [D.6].
     _________________________________________________________________
   
[D] Crafty and other topics
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [D.1] What is XChess?
  
   XChess is an older chessboard program that is no longer supported.
   XChess was written for X version 10, and you may or may not be able to
   build and run it on an X11 system.
   
   XChess has only one significant feature that is not present in XBoard:
   Two humans can play chess using XChess on different machines, without
   using the Internet Chess Server as an intermediary. This feature is of
   interest only if you don't have network connectivity to the Internet
   Chess Server.
   
   Note: There actually have been several different programs called
   "XChess" in circulation at various times. The above describes one that
   was associated with GNU Chess.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [D.2] What is Winsock Chess?
  
   Winsock Chess is a program that lets two people play chess across a
   network. It runs only under Microsoft Windows. Some of the code in
   Winsock Chess is derived from GNU Chess, but it is not maintained by
   the GNU Chess team. You can get a copy from the Internet Chess
   Library; see topic [A.2]. For more information, contact its author,
   Donald Munro, ccahdm@beluga.upe.ac.za.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [D.3] What is Crafty?
  
   Crafty is a freely-available chess program written by Bob Hyatt. Bob
   is the main author of the well-known chess program Cray Blitz. Crafty
   is a very strong program, its code is available, commented and fairly
   readable, and its author is actively working on improvements.
   
   You can download Crafty from ftp://ftp.cis.uab.edu/pub/hyatt/. Start
   by getting the read.me file and reading it. Among other things, this
   file contains instructions on how to install Crafty as a command-line
   application on your machine.
   
   There is a Crafty mailing list. To subscribe, send email to
   majordomo@cis.uab.edu, with "subscribe crafty-list" in the body.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [D.4] How do I use Crafty with XBoard?
  
   First, you need to get Crafty and install it as a command-line
   application on your machine. See topic [D.3].
   
   To use Crafty with XBoard, give the -fcp parameter like this:
   
    xboard -fcp "crafty" -fd crafty_directory

   Here crafty_directory is the directory where you installed Crafty. You
   can add more xboard options at the end of the command line.
   
   Crafty 15.14 or later is required to work properly with XBoard 4.0.0
   or later. We generally recommend using the latest versions of both
   XBoard and Crafty.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [D.5] How do I use Crafty with WinBoard?
  
   First, you need to get Crafty and install it as a command-line
   application on your machine. See topic [D.3]. You must use the version
   of Crafty compiled for Win32 (wcrafty*.exe), not the version compiled
   for MS-DOS (crafty*.exe), and it is best to use the latest version of
   Crafty with the latest version of WinBoard to make sure all features
   are compatible and function correctly. You can install Crafty in any
   directory you like.
   
   You also need to get WinBoard and install it in the normal way using
   its built-in installer. You can do that either before or after you
   install Crafty.
   
   After both Crafty and WinBoard are installed separately, follow the
   directions in the WinBoard Help file (included with WinBoard) for
   connecting new chess engines to WinBoard.
   
   If you want to have Crafty act as an automated computer player on a
   chess server, see topic [B.16]. Before you try to get that working, be
   sure you can play against Crafty locally, first without WinBoard, then
   with it. Also be sure you can use WinBoard to play on the chess server
   yourself, without having Crafty connected to it. You have to crawl
   before you can walk!
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  [D.6] How do I use GNU Chess 5.00 with XBoard?
  
   By default, XBoard still tries to use GNU Chess 4.0 by running the
   command "gnuchessx". That's why if you don't have GNU Chess 4.0, you
   get the error message "Failed to start first chess program gnuchessx
   on localhost: gnuchessx: No such file or directory."
   
   If you have GNU Chess 5.00, the command should be "gnuchess xboard"
   instead. To make XBoard use this command, give the -fcp parameter like
   this:
   
    xboard -fd gnuchess_directory -fcp "./gnuchess xboard"

   Here gnuchess_directory is the directory where you installed GNU Chess
   5.00 and its book. You can add more xboard options at the end of the
   command line.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ** End of XBoard/WinBoard FAQ **
