% !Mode:: "TeX:UTF-8"
%% udesoftec.bst
%% Copyright 2014 J. Peter M. Schuler
%% 2014/11/10 v1.4.5 udesoftec
%
% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
%   http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
% version 2005/12/01 or later.
%
% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
% 
% The current Maintainer of this work is J. Peter M. Schuler
% j.peter.m.schuler@uni-due.de
%

% special citation style which is based on german WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK with some proper adjustments to reality
%
% most important things:
% * do not use crossref - it will be ignored but may raise warnings of not found entries due to wrong order in bibfile
% * journal articles are cited with short version, i.e.: <Name>, <volume>(<issue>):<pages>, <year>.
% * author forenames are one letter without dot
% * doi is shown everywhere available, if no doi is available fallback to ISBN and ISSN. ISBN and ISSN are not shown if doi is present.
% * edition field should be number without anything else, if so content gets ordinal and suffix, else plain content is displayed

FUNCTION {bblnameformat} {"{vv~}{ll}{ jj}{, f{}}"} % von Matera, M; Rizzo, F; Carughi, GT
%FUNCTION {bblnameformat} {"{vv }{ll}{ jj}{, f.}"} % von Matera, M.; Rizzo, F.; Carughi, G. T.
%FUNCTION {bblnameformat} {"{vv }{ll}{ jj}{, ff}"} % von Matera, Maristella; Rizzo, Francesca; Carughi, Giovanni Toffetti

ENTRY
  { address
    author
    booktitle
    chapter
    doi
    eid
    edition
    editor
    howpublished
    institution
    isbn
    issn
    journal
    key
    month
    note
    number
    organization
    pages
    publisher
    school
    series
    title
    type
    url
		urldate
    volume
    year
  }
  {}
  { label extra.label sort.label short.list }

INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block before.bibitemtitle before.year}

FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
{ #0 'before.all :=
  #1 'mid.sentence :=
  #2 'after.sentence :=
  #3 'after.block :=
	#4 'before.bibitemtitle :=
	#5 'before.year :=
}

STRINGS { s t }

FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
{ 's :=
  output.state mid.sentence =
    { ", " * write$ }
    { output.state after.block =
        { add.period$ write$
          newline$
          "\newblock " write$
        }
        { 
					output.state before.all =
            'write$					
            { 
						output.state before.bibitemtitle =
							{"\bblAuthorTitleSep" * write$ }
							{
							output.state before.bibitemtitle =
								'write$
								{ output.state before.year =
									{"\bblAuthorYearSep" * write$ }
									{add.period$ " " * write$ }
									if$
								}			
								if$
							}
							if$
						}						
          if$
        }
      if$
      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
    }
  if$
  s
}
FUNCTION {output.nonnull2}
{ 's :=
  output.state mid.sentence =
    { ", " * write$ }
    { output.state after.block =
        { add.period$ write$
          newline$
          "\newblock " write$
        }
        { 
					output.state before.all =
            'write$
						{ output.state before.year =
							{"\bblAuthorYearSep" * write$ }
							{add.period$ " " * write$ }
							if$
						}			
          if$
        }
      if$
      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
    }
  if$
  s
}
          

FUNCTION {output}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    'pop$
    'output.nonnull
  if$
}

FUNCTION {output.check}
{ 't :=
  duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
    'output.nonnull
  if$
}

FUNCTION {fin.entry}
{ add.period$
  write$
  newline$
}

FUNCTION {new.block}
{ output.state before.all =  
		'skip$		
    { output.state before.bibitemtitle =
				'skip$
			{
				output.state before.year =
				{before.bibitemtitle 'output.state := }
				{after.block 'output.state := }
				if$
			}
			if$
		}
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.sentence}
{ output.state after.block =
    'skip$
    { output.state before.all =
        'skip$
        { after.sentence 'output.state := }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {not}
{   { #0 }
    { #1 }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {and}
{   'skip$
    { pop$ #0 }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {or}
{   { pop$ #1 }
    'skip$
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
{ empty$
    'skip$
    'new.block
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
{ empty$
  swap$ empty$
  and
    'skip$
    'new.block
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
{ empty$
    'skip$
    'new.sentence
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
{ empty$
  swap$ empty$
  and
    'skip$
    'new.sentence
  if$
}

FUNCTION {field.or.null}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    'skip$
  if$
}

FUNCTION {emphasize}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
  if$
}

INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
FUNCTION {format.names}
{ 's :=
  #1 'nameptr :=
  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
  numnames 'namesleft :=
    { namesleft #0 > }
    { s nameptr bblnameformat format.name$ 't :=
      nameptr #1 >
        { namesleft #1 >
            { "; " * t * }
            { numnames #2 >
                { "" * }
                'skip$
              if$
              t "others" =
                { "" * }
                { "; " * t * }
              if$
            }
          if$
        }
        't
      if$
      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
    }
  while$
}

FUNCTION {format.cities}
{ 's :=
  #1 'nameptr :=
  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
  numnames 'namesleft :=
    { namesleft #0 > }
    { s nameptr  "{vv~}{ff} {ll}{ jj}" format.name$ 't :=
      nameptr #1 >
        { namesleft #1 >
            { ", " * t * }
            { numnames #2 >
                { "" * }
                'skip$
              if$
              t "others" =
                { "" * }
                { ", " * t * }
              if$
            }
          if$
        }
        't
      if$
      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
    }
  while$
}

FUNCTION {format.address}
{ address empty$
    { "" }
    { address num.names$ #1 >
        { address format.cities }
        { address }
      if$
    }
  if$
}


FUNCTION {format.key}
{ empty$
    { key field.or.null }
    { "" }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.inEdBooktitle}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\bblFontInBookTitle{" swap$ * "}" * }
  if$
}
FUNCTION {format.journaltitle}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\bblin \bblFontJournalTitle{" swap$ * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.authorStyleInText}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\bblFontAuthorInText{" swap$ * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.authorStyleInList}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    {
			"\bblFontAuthorInList{" swap$ * "}" *
			}
  if$
}
 
FUNCTION {format.authors} % for reference list
{ author empty$
    { "" }
    { author format.names format.authorStyleInList
		} 		
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.editors}
{ editor empty$
    { "" }
    { editor format.names 
      editor num.names$ #1 >
        { "\bbleds" * }
        { "\bbled" * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.editorsAsAuthors}
{ editor empty$
    { "" }
    { editor format.names format.authorStyleInList
      editor num.names$ #1 >
        { "\bbleds" format.authorStyleInList * }
        { "\bbled" format.authorStyleInList * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}


FUNCTION {format.isbn}
{ isbn empty$
    { "" }
    { new.block "\bblisbn{" isbn * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.issn}
{ issn empty$
    { "" }
    { new.block "\bblissn{" issn * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.url}
{ url empty$
    { "" }
    { new.block "\url{" url * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.urldate}
{ urldate empty$
    { "" }
    { "\bblurldate{" urldate * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.doi}
{ doi empty$
    { "" }
    { new.block "\doi{" doi * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.title}
{ title empty$
    { "" }
    { "\bblFontBookTitle{" title * "}" * 
		  before.bibitemtitle 'output.state :=

		}
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.full.names}
{'s :=
  #1 'nameptr :=
  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
  numnames 'namesleft :=
    { namesleft #0 > }
    { s nameptr
      "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't :=
      nameptr #1 >
        {
          namesleft #1 >
            { ", " * t * }
            {
              numnames #2 >
                { "," * }
                'skip$
              if$
              t "others" =
                { " \bbletal " * }
                { " \bbland " * t * }
              if$
            }
          if$
        }
        't
      if$
      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
    }
  while$
}

FUNCTION {author.editor.full}
{ author empty$
    { editor empty$
        { "" }
        { editor format.full.names }
      if$
    }
    { author format.full.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {author.full}
{ author empty$
    { "" }
    { author format.full.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {editor.full}
{ editor empty$
    { "" }
    { editor format.full.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {make.full.names}
{ type$ "book" =
  type$ "inbook" =
  or
    'author.editor.full
    { type$ "proceedings" =
        'editor.full
        'author.full
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
{ newline$
  "\bibitem[" write$
  label write$
  ")" make.full.names duplicate$ short.list =
     { pop$ }
     { * }
   if$
  "]{" * write$
  cite$ write$
  "}" write$
  newline$
  ""
  before.all 'output.state :=
}

FUNCTION {n.dashify}
{ 't :=
  ""
    { t empty$ not }
    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
        { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
            { "--" *
              t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
            }
            {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
                { "-" *
                  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
                }
              while$
            }
          if$
        }
        { t #1 #1 substring$ *
          t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
        }
      if$
    }
  while$
}

FUNCTION {format.date}
{ year duplicate$ empty$
    { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$
       pop$ "\bblnoyearlong" } %for list of citations
    'skip$
  if$
  month empty$
    'skip$
    { month
      " " * swap$ *
    }
  if$
  extra.label *
}

FUNCTION {format.year}
{
		"\bblFontYearInList{" format.date * "}" *
	  before.year 'output.state :=
}

FUNCTION {format.btitle}
{ 
	"\bblFontBookTitle{" title * "}" *
  before.bibitemtitle 'output.state :=
}

FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
    { "~" }
    { " " }
  if$
  swap$ * *
}

FUNCTION {either.or.check}
{ empty$
    'pop$
    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
{ volume empty$
    { "" }
    { series empty$
        'skip$
        { "\bblVolumeOfSeries{" * volume * "}{" * series * "}" }
      if$
      "volume and number" number either.or.check
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.number.series}
{ volume empty$
    { number empty$
        { series empty$
				    { "" }
						{ "\bblSeries{" * series * "}"  }
					if$
				}
        { series empty$
						'skip$
						{ "\bblVolumeOfSeries{" * volume * "}{" * series * "}" }
					if$
				}
      if$
    }
    { "" }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.edition}
{ edition empty$
    { "" }
    { output.state mid.sentence =
        { "\bbledGenerateEdition{" edition * "}" * }
        { "\bbledGenerateEdition{" edition * "}" * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

INTEGERS { multiresult }

FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
{ 't :=
  #0 'multiresult :=
    { multiresult not
      t empty$ not
      and
    }
    { t #1 #1 substring$
      duplicate$ "-" =
      swap$ duplicate$ "," =
      swap$ "+" =
      or or
        { #1 'multiresult := }
        { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
      if$
    }
  while$
  multiresult
}

FUNCTION {format.pages}
{ pages empty$
    { "" }
    { pages multi.page.check
        { "\bblpp" pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect }
        { "\bblp" pages tie.or.space.connect }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.eid}
{ eid empty$
    { "" }
    { "art." eid tie.or.space.connect }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
{ volume field.or.null
  number empty$
    'skip$
    { "\penalty0 (" number * ")" * *
      volume empty$
        { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
        'skip$
      if$
    }
  if$
  pages empty$
    'skip$
    { duplicate$ empty$
        { pop$ format.pages }
        { ":\penalty0 " * pages n.dashify * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.vol.num.eid}
{ volume field.or.null
  number empty$
    'skip$
    { "\penalty0 (" number * ")" * *
      volume empty$
        { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
        'skip$
      if$
    }
  if$
  eid empty$
    'skip$
    { duplicate$ empty$
        { pop$ format.eid }
        { ":\penalty0 " * eid * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
{ chapter empty$
    'format.pages
    { type empty$
        { "chapter" }
        { type "l" change.case$ }
      if$
      chapter tie.or.space.connect
      pages empty$
        'skip$
        { ", " * format.pages * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
{ booktitle empty$
    { "" }
    { editor empty$
        { "\bblin " booktitle format.inEdBookTitle * }
        { "\bblin " format.editors * "\bblAuthorTitleSepInEd " * booktitle format.inEdBookTitle * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
  month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
  and and and and and
  key empty$ not and
    { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
    'skip$
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
{ type empty$
    'skip$
    { pop$
      type "t" change.case$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
{ type empty$
    { "Technical Report" }
    'type
  if$
  number empty$
    { "t" change.case$ }
    { number tie.or.space.connect }
  if$
}

%FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
%{ key empty$
    %{ journal empty$
        %{ "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref *
          %warning$
          %""
        %}
        %{ "\bblin " journal * "" * }
      %if$
    %}
    %{ "\bblin " }
  %if$
  %" \citet{" * crossref * "}" *
%}
%
%FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
%{ volume empty$
    %{ "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
      %"\bblin "
    %}
    %{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
      %" \bblof " *
    %}
  %if$
  %editor empty$
  %editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
  %or
    %{ key empty$
        %{ series empty$
            %{ "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
              %crossref * warning$
              %"" *
            %}
            %{ "\emph{" * series * "}" * }
          %if$
        %}
        %'skip$
      %if$
    %}
    %'skip$
  %if$
  %" \citet{" * crossref * "}" *
%}
%
%FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
%{ editor empty$
  %editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
  %or
    %{ key empty$
        %{ booktitle empty$
            %{ "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
              %crossref * warning$
              %""
            %}
            %{ " \bblin \emph{" booktitle * "}" * }
          %if$
        %}
        %{ " \bblin " }
      %if$
    %}
    %{ " \bblin " }
  %if$
  %" \citet{" * crossref * "}" *
%}

FUNCTION {article}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  author format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
	format.title "title" output.check
  new.block	
  %crossref missing$
    %{			
			journal format.journaltitle "journal" output.check
      eid empty$
        { format.vol.num.pages output }
        { format.vol.num.eid output }
      if$
    %}
    %{ format.article.crossref output.nonnull
      %eid empty$
        %{ format.pages output }
        %{ format.eid output }
      %if$
    %}
  %if$
  format.doi empty$
	{format.issn output}
	{}
	if$  
  format.doi output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {book}
{ output.bibitem
  author empty$
    { format.editorsAsAuthors "author and editor" output.check
      editor format.key output
    }
    { format.authors output.nonnull
      %crossref missing$
        %{ 
				"author and editor" editor either.or.check
				%}
        %'skip$
      %if$
    }
  if$	
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.btitle "title" output.check
 % crossref missing$
    %{ 
		format.bvolume output
      new.block
      format.number.series output
      new.sentence
			format.edition output
      publisher "publisher" output.check
      format.address output
    %}
    %{ new.block
      %format.book.crossref output.nonnull
    %}
  %if$
  
  format.doi empty$
	{format.isbn output}
	{}
	if$  
  format.doi output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {booklet}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors output
  author format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.title "title" output.check
  howpublished address new.block.checkb
  howpublished output
  address output
  format.doi empty$
	{format.isbn output}
	{}
	if$  
  format.doi output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {inbook}
{ output.bibitem
  author empty$
    { format.editorsAsAuthors "author and editor" output.check
      editor format.key output
    }
    { format.authors output.nonnull
      %crossref missing$
        %{ 
				"author and editor" editor either.or.check 
				%}
        %'skip$
      %if$
    }
  if$
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.btitle "title" output.check
  %crossref missing$
    %{ 
		format.bvolume output
      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
      new.block
      format.number.series output
      new.sentence
      publisher "publisher" output.check
      address output
    %}
    %{ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
      %new.block
      %format.book.crossref output.nonnull
    %}
  %if$
  format.edition output
  format.doi empty$
	{format.isbn output}
	{}
	if$  
  format.doi output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {incollection}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  author format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.title "title" output.check
  new.block
%  crossref missing$
 %   {
		format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
      format.bvolume output
      format.number.series output
      format.chapter.pages output
      new.sentence
      publisher "publisher" output.check
      address output
      format.edition output
      format.date "year" output.check
    %}
    %{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
      %format.chapter.pages output
    %}
  %if$
  format.doi empty$
	{format.isbn output}
	{}
	if$  
  format.doi output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {inproceedings}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  author format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.title "title" output.check
  new.block
 % crossref missing$
 %   { 
		format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
      format.bvolume output
      format.number.series output
      format.pages output
      address empty$
        { organization publisher new.sentence.checkb
          organization output
          publisher output
					format.date "year" output.check
        }
        { address output.nonnull
          new.sentence
          organization output
          publisher output
        }
      if$
 %   }
 %   { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
 %     format.pages output
 %   }
 % if$
  format.doi empty$
	{format.isbn output}
	{}
	if$  
  format.doi output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }

FUNCTION {manual}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors output
  author format.key output
	format.year output.nonnull
   format.btitle "title" output.check
  organization address new.block.checkb
  organization output
  address output
  format.edition output
  format.date output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  author format.key output
 format.year output.nonnull
   format.title "title" output.check
  new.block
  "Master's thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
  school "school" output.check
  address output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {misc}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors output
  author format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
  title howpublished new.block.checkb
  format.title output
  howpublished new.block.checka
  howpublished output
  format.date output
  format.issn output
  format.url output
	format.urldate output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
  empty.misc.check
}

FUNCTION {phdthesis}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  author format.key output
format.year output.nonnull
   format.btitle "title" output.check
  new.block
  "PhD thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
  school "school" output.check
  address output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {proceedings}
{ output.bibitem
  format.editorsAsAuthors output
  editor format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.btitle "title" output.check
  format.bvolume output
  format.number.series output
  address output
  new.sentence
  organization output
  publisher output
  format.doi empty$
	{format.isbn output}
	{}
	if$  
  format.doi output
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {techreport}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  author format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.title "title" output.check
  new.block
  format.tr.number output.nonnull
  institution "institution" output.check
  address output
  format.date "year" output.check
  format.url output
  new.block
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {unpublished}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  author format.key output
  format.year output.nonnull
  format.title "title" output.check
  new.block
  note "note" output.check
  format.date output
  format.url output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }


MACRO {jan} {"January"}

MACRO {feb} {"February"}

MACRO {mar} {"March"}

MACRO {apr} {"April"}

MACRO {may} {"May"}

MACRO {jun} {"June"}

MACRO {jul} {"July"}

MACRO {aug} {"August"}

MACRO {sep} {"September"}

MACRO {oct} {"October"}

MACRO {nov} {"November"}

MACRO {dec} {"December"}



MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Computing Surveys"}

MACRO {acta} {"Acta Informatica"}

MACRO {cacm} {"Communications of the ACM"}

MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM Journal of Research and Development"}

MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Systems Journal"}

MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"}

MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Transactions on Computers"}

MACRO {ieeetcad}
 {"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits"}

MACRO {ipl} {"Information Processing Letters"}

MACRO {jacm} {"Journal of the ACM"}

MACRO {jcss} {"Journal of Computer and System Sciences"}

MACRO {scp} {"Science of Computer Programming"}

MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM Journal on Computing"}

MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"}

MACRO {tods} {"ACM Transactions on Database Systems"}

MACRO {tog} {"ACM Transactions on Graphics"}

MACRO {toms} {"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"}

MACRO {toois} {"ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems"}

MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"}

MACRO {tcs} {"Theoretical Computer Science"}


READ

FUNCTION {sortify}
{ purify$
  "l" change.case$
}

INTEGERS { len }

FUNCTION {chop.word}
{ 's :=
  'len :=
  s #1 len substring$ =
    { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
    's
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
{ 's :=
  s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
  s num.names$ duplicate$
  #2 >
    { pop$ " et~al." * }
    { #2 <
        'skip$
        { s #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
            { " \bbletal " * }
            { " \bbland " * s #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
          if$
        }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {author.key.label}
{ author empty$
    { key empty$
        { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
        'key
      if$
    }
    { author format.lab.names format.authorStyleInText  }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
{ author empty$
    { editor empty$
        { key empty$
            { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
            'key
          if$
        }
        { editor format.lab.names }
      if$
    }
    { author format.lab.names format.authorStyleInText }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {author.key.organization.label}
{ author empty$
    { key empty$
        { organization empty$
            { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
            { "The " #4 organization chop.word #3 text.prefix$ }
          if$
        }
        'key
      if$
    }
    { author format.lab.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {editor.key.organization.label}
{ editor empty$
    { key empty$
        { organization empty$
            { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
            { "The " #4 organization chop.word #3 text.prefix$ }
          if$
        }
        'key
      if$
    }
    { editor format.lab.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {calc.short.authors}
{ type$ "book" =
  type$ "inbook" =
  or
    'author.editor.key.label
    { type$ "proceedings" =
        'editor.key.organization.label
        { type$ "manual" =
            'author.key.organization.label
            'author.key.label
          if$
        }
      if$
    }
  if$
  'short.list :=
}

FUNCTION {calc.label}
{ calc.short.authors
  short.list
  "("
  *
  year duplicate$ empty$
  short.list key field.or.null = or
     { pop$ "" }
     'skip$
  if$
  *
  'label :=
}

FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
{ 's :=
  #1 'nameptr :=
  ""
  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
  numnames 'namesleft :=
    { namesleft #0 > }
    {
      s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{  ff{ }}{  jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
      nameptr #1 >
        {
          "   "  *
          namesleft #1 = t "others" = and
            { "zzzzz" * }
            { numnames #2 > nameptr #2 = and
                { "zz" * year field.or.null * "   " * }
                'skip$
              if$
              t sortify *
            }
          if$
        }
        { t sortify * }
      if$
      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
    }
  while$
}

FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
{ 't :=
  "A " #2
    "An " #3
      "The " #4 t chop.word
    chop.word
  chop.word
  sortify
  #1 global.max$ substring$
}

FUNCTION {author.sort}
{ author empty$
    { key empty$
        { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
          ""
        }
        { key sortify }
      if$
    }
    { author sort.format.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
{ author empty$
    { editor empty$
        { key empty$
            { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
              ""
            }
            { key sortify }
          if$
        }
        { editor sort.format.names }
      if$
    }
    { author sort.format.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
{ author empty$
    { organization empty$
        { key empty$
            { "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
              ""
            }
            { key sortify }
          if$
        }
        { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
      if$
    }
    { author sort.format.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
{ editor empty$
    { organization empty$
        { key empty$
            { "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
              ""
            }
            { key sortify }
          if$
        }
        { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
      if$
    }
    { editor sort.format.names }
  if$
}


FUNCTION {presort}
{ calc.label
  label sortify
  "    "
  *
  type$ "book" =
  type$ "inbook" =
  or
    'author.editor.sort
    { type$ "proceedings" =
        'editor.organization.sort
        { type$ "manual" =
            'author.organization.sort
            'author.sort
          if$
        }
      if$
    }
  if$
  "    "
  *
  year field.or.null sortify
  *
  "    "
  *
  cite$
  *
  #1 entry.max$ substring$
  'sort.label :=
  sort.label *
  #1 entry.max$ substring$
  'sort.key$ :=
}

ITERATE {presort}

SORT

STRINGS { longest.label last.label next.extra }

INTEGERS { longest.label.width last.extra.num number.label }

FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
{ "" 'longest.label :=
  #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
  "" 'next.extra :=
  #0 'longest.label.width :=
  #0 'last.extra.num :=
  #0 'number.label :=
}

FUNCTION {forward.pass}
{ last.label label =
    { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
      last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
    }
    { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
      "" 'extra.label :=
      label 'last.label :=
    }
  if$
  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
}

FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
{ next.extra "b" =
    { "a" 'extra.label := }
    'skip$
  if$
  extra.label 'next.extra :=
  extra.label
  duplicate$ empty$
    'skip$
    { "{\natexlab{" swap$ * "}}" * }
  if$
  'extra.label :=
  label extra.label * 'label :=
}

EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}

ITERATE {forward.pass}

REVERSE {reverse.pass}

FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
{ sort.label  'sort.key$ :=
}

ITERATE {bib.sort.order}

SORT

FUNCTION {begin.bib}
{   preamble$ empty$
    'skip$
    { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
  if$
  "\begin{thebibliography}{" number.label int.to.str$ * "}" *
  write$ newline$
  %"\providecommand{\natexlab}[1]{#1}"
  %write$ newline$
  %"\providecommand{\url}[1]{\texttt{#1}}"
  %write$ newline$
  %"\expandafter\ifx\csname urlstyle\endcsname\relax"
  %write$ newline$
  %"  \providecommand{\doi}[1]{doi: #1}\else"
  %write$ newline$
  %"  \providecommand{\doi}{doi: \begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url}\fi"
  %write$ newline$
}

EXECUTE {begin.bib}

EXECUTE {init.state.consts}

ITERATE {call.type$}

FUNCTION {end.bib}
{ newline$
  "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
}

EXECUTE {end.bib}