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The set of mpq functions is quite small. In particular, there are few
functions for either input or output. The following functions give direct
access to the numerator and denominator of an mpq_t.
Note that if an assignment to the numerator and/or denominator could take an
mpq_t out of the canonical form described at the start of this chapter
(see Rational Number Functions) then mpq_canonicalize must be
called before any other mpq functions are applied to that mpq_t.
Return a reference to the numerator and denominator of op, respectively.
The mpz functions can be used on the result of these macros.
Get or set the numerator or denominator of a rational. These functions are
equivalent to calling mpz_set with an appropriate mpq_numref or
mpq_denref. Direct use of mpq_numref or mpq_denref is
recommended instead of these functions.